Reading Shakespeare in German

Strange as it may seem, the German Shakespeare Society (die Deutsche Shakespeare-Gesellschaft, DSG) is the worlds oldest! Founded in 1864, on the occasion of the Bards 300th birthday (zum 300. Geburtstag vom Barden), the Societys headquarters are in Weimar, a city also closely associated with the real German Shakespeares, Friedrich Schiller and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Divided by the Cold War and the Berlin Wall for three decades, Germanys oldest literary society successfully managed its own reunification in 1993. Each year in April (the month of Shakespeares birth and death) the DSG sponsors its Shakespeare-Tage (Shakespeare Days), an international event held in either Weimar or Bochum, the former western headquarters, in alternate years. The Society also promotes other meetings, seminars and research, and publishes a book-like annual journal, Das Shakespeare-Jahrbuch, in English and German.    »Sein oder Nichtsein—das ist die Frage! «Ã¢â‚¬Å"To be, or not to be, that is the question.† The German fascination with Shakespeare began in the early 1700s when English repertoire companies crossed the Ärmelkanal (English Channel) to perform the Bards plays all across Germany and Europe. Translations of Shakespeares words have become so much a part of the German language, that Germans can be forgiven if they sometimes seem to forget that William Shakespeare was not Wilhelm Shakespeare! In fact, the Germans take a back seat to no one when it comes to honoring the greatest English poet of all time. They do so by performing and attending his plays (more performances each year than in Britain!), using his words and phrases, and by joining Shakespeare clubs and associations. Theres even a replica of the Globe Theatre in Neuss, Germany, not far from Dà ¼sseldorf. Each season in Neuss the German Globe offers a program of Shakespeare productions—in both German and English.   As in the English-speaking world, Germans often fail to realize just how much of their vocabulary comes from Shakespeare. But was ist ein Name? (whats in a name?) They would no doubt consider such concerns viel Là ¤rm um nichts (much ado about nothing). However, worrying about such things could be der Anfang vom Ende (the beginning of the end). Okay, Ill stop. Der Rest ist Schweigen (the rest is silence). A Brief Shakespeare (English-German) Glossary the Bard der Barde play das Schauspiel poet der Dichter / die Dichterin the Swan of Avon der Schwan vom Avon sonnet(s) das Sonett (-e) The Taming of the Shrew Der Widerspenstigen Zhmung for all the worlds a stage die ganze Welt ist eine Bhne Over the years, many German literary figures have translated Shakespeare into the language of Goethe and Schiller. (Among other works, Goethes Gà ¶tz von Berlichingen shows Shakespeares influence.) For many of the Bards plays and sonnets it is possible to find several German versions, translated at different times by different poets. Ironically, this means that it is usually easier to read Shakespeare in German (if youre German) than in English! The English of Shakespeares time is often foreign to modern ears, but the German translations tend to be in more modern German than the Elizabethan English of the originals. ÃÅ"bersetzungen / Translations Over the years, various German writers - from close to Shakespeares time until modern times - have translated his works into German. As a result, unlike the situation in English, there are different versions of Shakespeare in German. Below you can compare several Shakespeare works that have been translated into German by more than one German poet. Two German Versions of Shakespeares Sonnet 60  (First verse) Translated by Max Josef Wolff and Stefan George Original Shakespeare Version Like as the waves make towards the pibled shore,So do our minutes hasten to their end,Each changing place with that which goes before,In sequent toile all forwards do contend. Max Josef Wolff  (1868-1941) Wie Well auf Welle zu dem Felsenstrand,So eilen die Minuten nach dem Ziel;Bald schwillt die eine, wo die andre schwand,Und weiter rauschts im ewig regen Spiel. Stefan George  (1868-1933) Wie Wogen drà ¤ngen nach dem steinigen Strand,ziehn unsre Stunden eilig an ihr End,und jede tauscht mit der, die vorher stand,mà ¼hsamen Zugs nach vorwà ¤rts nà ¶tigend. Three German Versions of Shakespeares  Hamlet  (First 5 lines) Translated by Wieland, Schlegel, and Flatter Original Shakespeare Version To be, or not to be, that is the question:Whether tis Nobler in the minde to sufferThe Slings and Arrowes of outragious Fortune,Or to take Armes against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them... Christoph Martin Wieland  (1765) Seyn oder nicht seyn — Das ist die Frage.Ob es einem edeln Geist anstà ¤ndiger ist, sichden Beleidigungen des Glà ¼ks geduldig zu unterwerfen,Oder seinen Anfallen entgegen zu stehen,und durch einen herzhaften Streich sie auf einmal zu endigen? August Wilhelm Schlegel  (1809) Sein oder Nichtsein, das ist hier die Frage:obs edler im Gemà ¼t, die Pfeil und Schleuderndes wà ¼tenden Geschicks erdulden, oder,sich waffnend gegen eine See von Plagen,durch Widerstand sie enden... Richard Flatter  (1954) Sein oder Nichtsein —: das ist die Frage!Ist es nun edler, im Gemà ¼t zu duldendie Pfeil und Schleudern des fà ¼hllosen Schicksalsoder dem Heer von Plagen sich zu stellenund kà ¤mfend Schluß zu machen? German Version of Shakespeares Sonnet 18  (First verse) Translated by Stefan George Original Shakespeare Version Shall I compare thee to a Summers day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough windes do shake the darling buds of Maie,And Summers lease hath all too short a date: Stefan George Soll ich vergleichen einem Sommertagedich, der du lieblicher und milder bist?Des Maien teure Knospen drehn im Schlagedes Sturms, und allzukurz ist Sommers Frist. Resources Deutsche Shakespeare Gesellschaft  The German Shakespeare Society in Weimar. The oldest Shakespeare association in the world was founded in 1864.William Shakespeare - Projekt Gutenberg  A big collection of online German texts of many of Shakespeares plays (translations by Baudissin, Schlegel, Tieck, Wieland) and over 150 sonnets. Includes a brief bio in German.Wikipedia - Shakespeare (Deutsch)  The German Wikipedia entry for Shakespeare is very comprehensive and links to his works in German.Deutsche Shakespeare-Gesellschaft - English  This German site also has an English version.

Human Resources Management Roles - 633 Words

Human Resources Management Roles Rebecca Persinger HCS/341 September 12, 2011 Colin Smith Human Resources Management Roles Human resources departments (HR Departments) are important and vital assets in a health care organization because HR Departments understand what health care is from a payers, physicians, consumers, regulators, and employees perspective. HR Departments provide strategic planning and functional support to an organization. HR Departments need to work with individuals in the organization to ensure the organization is successful and make sure every employee understands his or her duties (Gomez-Mejia, L., Balkin, D., and Cardy, R., 2010). The most important functional role for an HR Department is to create job†¦show more content†¦Health care organizations need to be compliant with state and federal laws if any issues arise, so the HR Department needs to make sure the organization is complying with those laws because delivering top notch services to people who need them is vitally important. The HR department also handles compensation and benef its that include salary, medical, dental, and vision insurance as well as retirement packages. Most health care organizations have a large number of employees, so this can be a very tedious task, if not challenging (Kirby amp; Hannah, 2006). In order for goals to be accomplished, the HR department helps the entire organization work together so those goals can be adequately accomplished. 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A Woman Of No Importance monologue from the play by Oscar Wilde Essay Example For Students

A Woman Of No Importance monologue from the play by Oscar Wilde Essay A monologue from the play by Oscar Wilde NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from A Woman of No Importance. Oscar Wilde. London: Methuen Co., 1916. MRS. ALLONBY: The Ideal Man! Oh, the Ideal Man should talk to us as if we were goddesses, and treat us as if we were children. He should refuse all our serious requests, and gratify every one of our whims. He should encourage us to have caprices, and forbid us to have missions. He should always say much more than he means, and always mean much more than he says. He should never run down other pretty women. That would show he had no taste, or make one suspect that he had too much. No; he should be nice about them all, but say that somehow they don\t attract him. If we ask him a question about anything, he should give us an answer all about ourselves. He should invariably praise us for whatever qualities he knows we haven\t got. But he should be pitiless, quite pitiless, in reproaching us for the virtues that we have never dreamed of possessing. He should never believe that we know the use of useful things. That would be unforgivable. But he should shower on us everything we don\t want . He should persistently compromise us in public, and treat us with absolute respect when we are alone. And yet he should be always ready to have a perfectly terrible scene, whenever we want one, and to become miserable, absolutely miserable, at a moment\s notice, and to overwhelm us with just reproaches in less than twenty minutes, and to be positively violent at the end of half an hour, and to leave us for ever at a quarter to eight, when we have to go and dress for dinner. And when, after that, one has seen him for really the last time, and he has refused to take back the little things he has given one, and promised never to communicate with one again, or to write one any foolish letters, he should be perfectly broken-hearted, and telegraph to one all day long, and send one little notes every half-hour by a private hansom, and dine quite alone at the club, so that every one should know how unhappy he was. And after a whole dreadful week, during which one has gone about everywhere with one\s husband, just to show how absolutely lonely one was, he may be given a third last parting, in the evening, and then, if his conduct has been quite irreproachable, and one has behaved really badly to him, he should be allowed to admit that he has been entirely in the wrong, and when he has admitted that, it becomes a woman\s duty to forgive, and one can do it all over again from the beginning, with variations.

Private Security Contractors in Iraq Afghanistan

Introduction In recent years, a prominent feature in most global conflicts has been the increasing role played by non-state actors alongside the conventional armed forces.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Private Security Contractors in Iraq Afghanistan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More While available literature reveals that private actors have maintained high presence on battlefields throughout history, modern private military and security entities embody the corporate evolution of the profession of mercenaries, to the point where these multinational corporations are now offering services that are intricately linked to warfare (Perry, 2012, p. 41). In 2010, for example, the US Department of Defence (DoD) had more private workforce operating in both Iraq and Afghanistan than the military personnel deployed (Taylor, 2011, p. 445). Overall, it can be argued that these private companies are today, more than ever, pl aying an increasingly significant role in executing all facets of American national security strategy in countries perceived to harbor threats to global peace and stability. The debate on the merits and demerits of having private security contractors take over many of the roles and functions. These roles were traditionally reserved for the armed forces have been going on for a long time. Particularly in regards to the armed conflict in Iraq and Afghanistan, this paper argues that it is desirable to use these contractors because first; It is through them that the efforts to achieve world peace and stability have become more realistic and valuable. Secondly, counterterrorism is appropriate because these terrorist attacks may bring the countries down if such activities are not anticipated and any signs of attack well monitored; this is only possible when personnel in this role are increased. Third, when the numbers of those in the defense are increased; defense becomes more effective a nd the cost is lower in comparison to the addition of more personnel from the Department of Defense only. Therefore, the use of private security contractors has been desirable because it has improved the welfare of people.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Brief Overview of the Origins of Private Security Contractors â€Å" It is reported in the literature that a global market for private security contractors blossomed in the 1990s (Avant Sigelman, 2010, p. 232). It was triggered, primarily by what many war historians saw as an escalation of global insecurity and a corresponding disinterest by many state actors to send their military personnel to conflict hotspots in Iraq and beyond (Taylor, 2011, p. 448). According to Avant Sigelman (2010), it is at this juncture when â€Å"†¦private military and security companies registered in many different countries began providin g services to an array of international actors, including states, international organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and global corporations† (p. 232). The scope and capacities of this evolving market of private security contractors have become copiously evident during the ongoing conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan (Avant Sigelman, 2010, p 232). In 2007, however, a Congressional Budget Office Report revealed that the number of private contractors working for the U.S. in Iraq had surged to one hundred ninety thousand, primarily due to the over stretching of U.S. military forces by the conflicts and anarchy that caused the outstaring of Saddam Hussein (Avant Sigelman, 2010, p. 233). Overall, the number of private security personnel in Iraq and Afghanistan in 2009 soared to at least two hundred forty-five thousand, demonstrating that the profession of contemporary private security contracting had fully come to term (Perry, 2012, p. 401). Insights into the Desirability o f Private Security Contracting Armed private contractors with the capacity to employ lethal force on an organized basis have attracted attention. The debate on their viability and functionality still remains divided along rational and irrational paradigms, and the public mood in affected countries appearing to gravitate towards a total dislike of these establishments. However, the following arguments seek to reinforce the fact that the use of private security contractors is desirable in contemporary settings (Taylor, 2011, p. 446).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Private Security Contractors in Iraq Afghanistan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Private security contractors have contributed to improved world peace and stability The private personnel were charged with the responsibility of protecting government installations and oil fields, providing security to foreign professionals working in Iraq, and bolsterin g staffing in military prisons. This share of activities was extended to the private contractors after the number of military personnel in US reduced the cold war. The intervention was a crucial step towards the successful completion of this war as well as the introduction of long term measures towards conquering through the complete package that they provided (Taylor, 2011, p. 446). Although stakeholders are becoming increasingly concerned about the transparency, accountability, behavior, and legal and symbolic challenges associated with private security contractors (Elsea, 2010, p. 11). It is now clear that these entities have a place in contemporary society as they have proven themselves as indispensable assistance not only in American military operations but also in the maintenance of global peace and stability (Ellington, 2011, p. 132) Private Security Contractors are cost effective Unlike the conventional military forces; which are primarily engaged in combat, private security contractors â€Å"†¦offer a wide range of services including operational support, military advice and training, and logistical support as well as site security (armed and unarmed), crime prevention, police training, interrogation, and intelligence gathering† (Avant Sigelman, 2010, p. 232). The capacity to roll out a multiplicity of roles to conflict hotbeds implies that these entities add value to service provision. They also are cost-effective by virtue of their capability to provide services to clients in a buddle format. For example, a multinational oil corporation with interests in Iraq now needs to contract one private security company to provide security to its installations, staff and logistics – a task that could easily overstretch the resources designated to a conventional military unit. DynCorp has demonstrated effectiveness in not only training the Iraqi police but also in constructing police and prison facilities, as well as building capacity for cre dible Iraq justice system (Avant Sigelman, 2010, p. 235; Ellington, 2011, p. 134).Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Perry (2012), outsourcing private security contractors; â€Å"†¦has also been driven to a significant extent by a functional argument that privatization has enabled the United States to meet the challenges of the post-Cold War security environment† (p. 43). Although the U.S. armed forces experienced an approximately thirty percent reduction in troop strength following the end of the Cold War era, the rate at which troops are deployed abroad on expeditionary operations has significantly increased, providing a window of opportunity for nascent private security contractors to meet the ever-increasing demands with smaller forces. Such a gesture, in my view, not only enhances peace and stability in the world but also saves millions of dollars in tax payers’ money due to efficiencies in operations provided by private security contractors. Private Security Contractors are a tactic to counterterrorism In Counterterrorism efforts, it is becoming increasingly c lear that some Western electorates are reluctant to give up their peace dividends for apparently distant terrorism threats. This is availing an opportunity for private military contractors such as Blackwater (now Xe) to step in with the aim to provide governments in Europe and North America with a mechanism bolstering their armed forces without formally enhancing their size (Perry, 2012, p. 43; Bjork Jones, 2005, p. 718). Such an engagement will add value to the Obama Administration’s efforts to stop terrorists from attacking American interests. It will also prove the appropriateness of private entities to conduct covert operations aimed at eliminating threats to global peace and stability. Conclusion It is essential to conclude that the use of private security contractors has been desirable because it has improved the welfare of people. The benefits linked with the use of private security contractors outweigh the challenges; the cost on establishing them is worth the global security experienced. However, stakeholders are becoming increasingly concerned about the transparency, accountability, behavior, and legal and symbolic challenges associated with private security contractors. Irrespective of this, it has been revealed in this paper how private actors add value to their operations by undertaking multiple roles, and why they continue to remain relevant with regard to conducting efficient and cost-effective operations. In the recent days, people prefer hiring private securities because they are sure of getting quality services. Consequently, it is safe to argue that the continued use of private security contractors in contemporary settings is desirable. The government should support private because they are performing very well. This will improve the level of security in the country. Reference List Avant, D., Sigelman, L. (2010). Private security and democracy: Lessons from Iraq. Security Studies, 19(2), 230-265. Bjork, K., Jones, R. (2005). Overco ming dilemmas created by the 21st century mercenaries: Conceptualizing the use of private security companies in Iraq. Third World Quarterly, 26(4/5), 777-796. Ellington, S. (2011). The rise of battlefield private contractors: An analysis of military policy. Public Integrity, 13(2), 131-148. Elsea, J. (2010). Private security contractors in Iraq and Afghanistan: Legal issues. Congressional Research Service. Retrieved from https://fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/R40991.pdf Perry, D. (2012). Blackwater vs. bin Laden: The private sector’s role in American counterterrorism strategy. Comparative Strategy, 31(1), 41-55. Taylor, T. (2011). Private security companies in Iraq and beyond. International Affairs, 87(2), 445-456. This essay on Private Security Contractors in Iraq Afghanistan was written and submitted by user Zayne Buckley to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.